ABSTRACT
To study the focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion [I/R] injury induced by a middle cerebral artery occlusion [MCAO], and the effects of Yulangsan [YLS] polysaccharide on this injury. This study took place in the Pharmacology Research Laboratory at Guangxi Medical University, China, between March and May 2007. Two hundred and forty rats were randomly divided into I/R group, sham-operated group, high-, medium-, and low-dose of YLS polysaccharide groups, and nimodipine [Nim] group. The animals were intragastrically administered with drugs for 7 days. An operation was performed to induce an MCAO model in the rats. Reperfusion was started after 2 hours of MCAO. The influences of YLS polysaccharide on the neurological score, the brain water content, the infarct volume, the activities of super oxide dismutase [SOD] and nitric oxide synthase [NOS], the contents of malondialdehyde [MDA] and nitric oxide [NO], the expressions of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 [Bcl-2] and Bcl-2-associated X protein [Bax] in brain tissue were investigated; the morphological changes of rat cerebral cortical neurons were observed. Compared with the I/R group, YLS polysaccharide reduced the neurological score, the brain water content, the infract volume, MDA and NO contents, the NOS activity, and the expression of Bax, and increased SOD activity, and the expression of Bcl-2 in the brain tissue, and neuronal edema was reduced. The YLS polysaccharide has a protective effect on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; the mechanism may be related to attenuating free radicals, and increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio
Subject(s)
Male , Animals, Laboratory , Ischemic Attack, Transient/prevention & control , Brain Ischemia/prevention & control , Plant Extracts , Random Allocation , Plant Roots , Plants, MedicinalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Cedemex on cAMP and cGMP contents in different brain regions in morphine withdrawal rats precipitated by naloxone.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A physical morphine dependent model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing dosage within 7 days. cAMP and cGMP contents of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the rat brains were determined by radioimmunoassay.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The morphine withdrawal symptoms of rats were relieved significantly by ig Cedemex. Compared with the controls, cAMP content in the region of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly higher (P < 0.05), while cGMP contents in those regions were significantly lower (P < 0.05). cAMP contents in the area of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly reduced, while cGMP contents were significantly increased by ig Cedemex.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cedemex may significantly attenuate the morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats. The mechanism of this effect may be related to adjusting the contents of cAMP and cGMP in some brain regions.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Brain , Metabolism , Pathology , Cerebral Cortex , Metabolism , Cyclic AMP , Metabolism , Cyclic GMP , Metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Hippocampus , Metabolism , Morphine , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome , MetabolismABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and optimal condition of isolation,purification and expansion of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) derived from human umbilical cord blood in vtro.MethodsHuman umbilical cord blood(HUCB) was collected from full term deliveries scheduled,all samples were obtained sterilely with 20 U/ml preservative free heparin.The cord mononuclear cells were isolated with lymphocyte separation medium(density 1.077 g/ml),purified and expanded with MesencultTM medium and acidic environment to produce adherent layer.The surface antigen expression of MSCs was detected with flow cytometry.ResultsThe HUCB-derived mononuclear cells,when seeded in specific medium,gave rise to adherent cells,which exhibited either an osteoclast or mesenchymal-like phenotype.After passage 3,these cells were able to be purified and expanded.6.6×105 primary MSCs reached a number of 9.9×10<>sup8 after 10 expanded passage.Flow cytometry showed that MSCs did not express antigens CD34,CD11a and CD11b,but express strongly CD29 and weakly CD71,which was identical to human bone marrow-derived MSCs.ConclusionMSCs in HUCB can be cultured and expanded in vitro,and could be a source of stem cells for experimental and clinical application.